Перевод текста division of labour
Division of labor — Karl Marx discusses the division of labor at various points in his writings, and it clearly is a topic of particular significance in his thought. In his earlier writings, notably The German Ideology (1846), Marx talks about it in fairly loose… … Historical dictionary of Marxism
division of labor — the separation of labor into its components or into various distinct processes and their apportionment among different individuals, groups, or machines for the purpose of increasing productive efficiency: as a. : the distribution of occupations… … Useful english dictionary
division of labor — Date: 1776 the breakdown of labor into its components and their distribution among different persons, groups, or machines to increase productive efficiency … New Collegiate Dictionary
division of labor — di,vision of labor noun singular the way that the work that needs to be done is divided so that different people are responsible for different parts of it … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
division of labor — distribution of work, division of a job into specialized parts with a few individuals assigned to each task in order to enable mass production of a product … English contemporary dictionary
division of labor — Econ. a production process in which a worker or group of workers is assigned a specialized task in order to increase efficiency. [1770 80] * * * … Universalium
Detailed division of labor — Detailed division of labor, one of the two aspects of the division of labor, is where the labor required for one product is distributed between many people, each producing a part of the final product. So instead of each worker making a product… … Wikipedia
Division of labour — is the specialisation of cooperative labour in specific, circumscribed tasks and like roles. Historically an increasingly complex division of labour is closely associated with the growth of total output and trade, the rise of capitalism, and of… … Wikipedia
labor, labour — I n. work 1) to do, perform labor, labour 2) manual, physical; menial; painstaking; productive; sweated (BE), sweatshop; skilled; unskilled labor, labour 3) a division of labor, labour 4) (misc.) (a) division of labor, labour; a labor, labour of… … Combinatory dictionary
labor — a labor of love easy false labor hard menial migrant organized painstaking performlabor physical productive prolonged protracted seasonal … Combinatory dictionary
Division of labour. Without the fac
Division of labour. Without the factors of production, companies cannot get started. To be successful, however, they need to make good use of those resources. To make best use of labour, you need to organise it. The division of labour is one way to achieve this.
Let’s take making shirts as an example. What do you need to do to make shirts? You need to design it, find the right material, cut the material, sew the pieces together, dye the shirt and sew on the buttons. One person working on their own could probably do all these tasks. This is one way to organise labour. Another way is for the number of workers to share the job. Each worker is responsible for one task in the process. This is an example of the division of labour.
The division of labour is not a new idea. Even very early societies had some form of labour specialization. For example, in some societies men were hunters and gatherers of food, while women were responsible for child rearing. However, as societies become industrialized, the division of labour increased. Factories became the main means of production, and each factory worker became responsible for smaller and smaller stages in the process.
As each worker gets more and more experience at doing their particular task, they get better and better at it. This should improve the quality of their work. With smaller tasks to do, workers can do things automatically, without thinking about them. This will speed up their productivity, and speed up the whole production process. Finally, small tasks are easier to learn. As the division of labour increases, the amount of time needed to train each worker decreases. All of this means a more efficient and productive workforce … at least, in theory.
There is, however, a human factor to consider. Workers are not machines. Their physical and emotional health has an impact on their productivity. Repeating the same simple task over and over again is very boring. Bored workers can’t concentrate easily, and their mistakes will reduce the quality of their output. In addition there is a problem of ownership. Many workers take pride in their work. They don’t just work for wages, but also because they get satisfaction from doing a good job or from creating something useful or beautiful. If you only add buttons to a shirt, you don’t feel that the shirt is your work. You can’t take pride in a job that does not need skill to do. In this situation, workers become careless and their work becomes sloppy. Overall, this has a negative impact on productivity.
Thankfully, robots and machines can now do many of the mindless tasks that factory workers used to do. Nevertheless, the theory of the division of labour is still fundamental to all modern economies.
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Division of labour
Without the factors of production, companies cannot get started. To be successful, however, they need to make good use of those resources. To make best use of labour, you need to organise it. The division of labour is one way to achieve this. Let’s take making shirts as an example. What do you need to do to make shirts? You need to design it, find the right material, cut the material, sew the pieces together, dye the shirt and sew on the buttons. One person working on their own could probably do all these tasks. This is one way to organise labour. Another way is for the number of workers to share the job. Each worker is responsible for one task in the process. This is an example of the division of labour. The division of labour is not a new idea. Even very early societies had some form of labour specialization. For example, in some societies men were hunters and gatherers of food, while women were responsible for child rearing. However, as societies become industrialized, the division of labour increased. Factories became the main means of production, and each factory worker became responsible for smaller and smaller stages in the process. As each worker gets more and more experience at doing their particular task, they get better and better at it. This should improve the quality of their work. With smaller tasks to do, workers can do things automatically, without thinking about them. This will speed up their productivity, and speed up the whole production process. Finally, small tasks are easier to learn. As the division of labour increases, the amount of time needed to train each worker decreases. All of this means a more efficient and productive workforce … at least, in theory. There is, however, a human factor to consider. Workers are not machines. Their physical and emotional health has an impact on their productivity. Repeating the same simple task over and over again is very boring. Bored workers can’t concentrate easily, and their mistakes will reduce the quality of their output. In addition there is a problem of ownership. Many workers take pride in their work. They don’t just work for wages, but also because they get satisfaction from doing a good job or from creating something useful or beautiful. If you only add buttons to a shirt, you don’t feel that the shirt is your work. You can’t take pride in a job that does not need skill to do. In this situation, workers become careless and their work becomes sloppy. Overall, this has a negative impact on productivity. Thankfully, robots and machines can now do many of the mindless tasks that factory workers used to do. Nevertheless, the theory of the division of labour is still fundamental to all modern economies.