Текст Tornadoes с переводом
Текст Tornadoes с переводом.
Tornadoes
Торнадо
| Tornadoes are one of nature’s most violent storms, and they happen in various parts of the world. They can form at any time of the year, although many occur in the spring. | Торнадо – это одно из самых сильных штормов, и они случаются в различных частях мира. Они могут образоваться в любое время года, хотя многие случаются весной. |
| A tornado is a spinning, whirling wind. When it meets with cold air it takes the shape of a long funnel or tube, reaching down from a large cloud. It is formed when warm air near the earth’s surface rises and meets with cold air. When the weather conditions are right, this warm air starts to twist as it rises, getting faster and stronger. It is a bit like watching water disappear down the plughole in your bathtub. If this huge, twisting rope of air hits the ground, it may cause great damage. Tornadoes can reach speeds of more than 250 mph. ripping roofs from houses, uprooting trees, and tossing heavy objects like cars in the air. | Торнадо – это вращающийся, крутящийся ветер. Когда он встречается с холодным воздухом, он принимает форму продолговатой воронки или трубки, спускающейся с большого облака. Она образуется, когда теплый воздух рядом с поверхностью земли поднимается и сталкивается с холодным воздухом. Когда погодные условия подходящие, этот теплый воздух начинает вращаться во время поднятия, убыстряясь и усиливаясь. Это похоже на то, как вода исчезает в сточном отверстии вашей ванны. Ели эта огромный крученый канат ударит по земле, то может нанести большой ущерб. Торнадо могут достигать скорости более чем 250 миль в час., срывая крыши с домов, вырывая деревья и расшвыривая тяжелые предметы, наподобие машин, в воздухе. |
| In 1971, a meteorologist named Theodore Fujita developed a scale to show how strong tornadoes are. His scale goes from F0 to F5. It doesn’t calculate strength based on wind speeds but the damage a tornado causes to homes and other buildings. | В 1971 году метеоролог Теодор Фухита разработал шкалу, чтобы показать, насколько сильными являются торнадо. Его шкала идет от F0 to F5. Она рассчитывает силу (торнадо) не на основе силы ветра, а на уроне, который торнадо причиняет жилым домам и другим зданиям. |
Источник: Spotlight, 8 класс, модуль 5 across the curriculum.
Steve: It’s a lovely day!
John: Yes, isn’t it?
Steve: So sunny and there’s no wind.
What shall we do?
John: Let’s go skiing.
Steve: Oh, no. I think its too cold to go skiing
today. Look, it’s minus 15.
John: Yes, you are right. We could go to the
cinema then.
Steve: Sure. Come on.
Penny: Betty, what’s the weather like today?
Betty: It’s a lovely morning. It’s warm and
sunny. What shall we do?
Penny: Well, we could go to the beach.
Betty: Good idea! I’ll be ready in a minute.
Стив: Это прекрасный день!
Джон: Да, не так ли?
Стив: Так солнечно и нет ветра.
Что мы будем делать?
Джон: Давайте кататься на лыжах.
Стив: О, нет. Я думаю, что его слишком холодно, чтобы покататься на лыжах
сегодня. Посмотрите, это минус 15.
Джон: Да, вы правы. Мы могли бы пойти на
кино тогда.
Стив: Конечно. Пойдем.
Пенни: Бетти, какая сегодня погода?
Бетти: Это прекрасное утро. Это теплый и
Дождь. Что мы будем делать?
Пенни: Ну, мы могли бы пойти на пляж.
Бетти: Хорошая идея! Я буду готова через минуту.
It’s not usually as cold in Britain as it is in Russia or Canada. In some parts of Britain winter goes by without any snow falling at all.
It doesn’t usually get very cold in the winter or very hot in the summer.
It’s not true that Britain is a wet and foggy country. It may not rain very much but you can never be sure of a dry day. Sometimes it rains so heavily that the British say «It’s raining cats and dogs.»
That’s why British people say «Other countries have a climate, in England we have weather.» The weather in England changes very quickly. Sometimes the British have weather from each season all in one day.
People often say that the British talk about die weather all the time. This is an exaggeration, hut it’s certainly true that the weather is a good way to start a conversation with a stranger. Because of the changeable weather there is always something to talk about in Britain even with a person you don’t know.
People use two types of scales for measuring temperature: either Centigrade [‘sentigrcid] / Celsius [‘selsias] (°C) or Fahrenheit [‘fa:r;>nhaTt| (°F). Celsius is a scale of temperature in which water freezes at 0° and boits at 100°. 32е Fahrenheit is equal to 0* Celsius. In Britain both scales are used: Celsius and Fahrenheit. In the USA temperatures are measured in Fahrenheit. In Russia temperatures are measured in Celsius. 40 °F = (40D-32°) : 1,8 = 4,4 aC Example:
Yesterday it was 6 above zero = It is was plus 6 degrees Centigrade.
Today it is 7 below zero = It is minus 7 degrees Centigrade.
It will be 69° Fahrenheit tomorrow.
Люди используют два типа шкал для измерения температуры: либо по Цельсию [‘sentigrcid] / Цельсия [‘ selsias] (° C) или Фаренгейта [‘а: т;> nhaTt | (° F). Цельсия шкала температур, в которых вода замерзает при 0 ° и boits на 100 °. 32е Фаренгейта равен 0 * по Цельсию. В Великобритании, как весы используются: по Цельсию и по Фаренгейту. В США температура измеряется в градусах по Фаренгейту. В России температура измеряется в градусах Цельсия. 40 ° F = (40D-32 °): 1,8 = 4,4 переменного тока Пример:
Вчера было 6 выше нуля = Она была плюс 6 градусов по Цельсию.
На сегодняшний день это 7 ниже нуля = Это минус 7 градусов по Цельсию.
Это будет 69 ° по Фаренгейту завтра.
— Jim! I’ve got a question! —Yes, how can I help you?
— If the outside temperature is 50 degrees Fahrenheit, what is the temperature in Centigrade?
— I could tell you, but you should work it out yourself.
— I can’t do it! Go on then, what is it?
— I think it’s.
1. Why do people call the Earth «the Blue Planet»?
2. Where is the most of Earths water found?
3. Is the Sun a planet? What is it?
4. How many main planets are there in the Solar system?
5. What are the names of the oceans?
6. How much water do the oceans contain?
The Earth
All of us know that we live on the Earth. But what do we know about it?
The Earth is the fifth largest of the nine main planets in the solar system.
It’s the third planet from the Sun. The Sun is just one of many stars in the Milky Way Galaxy.
The Earth looks blue from space because 70%, nearly three quarters, is covered with water. There are four oceans on the Earth: the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian and the Arctic.
The oceans contain 97% of all the water on the Earth.
33 Here is an interesting experiment to help you imagine how big the Earth is.
Stand up, hold the hands of your partners, stretch your arms as wide as you can. Now imagine that you are trying to reach from pole to pole.
Do you know what the distance is from pole to pole? It’s 20,000 kilometers. They say it would take twelve and a half million people holding hands to stretch from pole to pole. Are you impressed?
space
1. She managed to park her can in a small space between the wall and die flower-bed.
2, The satellite was launched (запущен) into space three days ago,
3, In his stories the writer imagines that huge spaceships have been invented, which take passengers to different planets.
4. When astronauts go outside a space station, they have to wear special spacesuits.
5, Have you heard about his third spaceflight*
star
6, When it is dark we can see a lot of stars in tile sky,
7. Now stars are awarded to good hotels: from one star to the cheapest hotel up to five stars for the most comfortable hotels.
8. D. Mara dona is a world-famous football star
пространство
1. Ей удалось припарковать ее можно в небольшом пространстве между стеной и умирает клумбы.
2, был запущен спутник (запущен) в космос три дня назад
3, в его рассказах писатель думает, что огромные космические корабли были изобретены, которые берут пассажиров на разных планетах.
4. Когда космонавты выходят наружу космической станции, они должны носить специальные скафандры.
5, Вы слышали о его третий космический полет *
звезда
6, когда темно, мы можем увидеть много звезд в небе плитки,
7. Теперь звезды присуждены хорошие отели: с одной звезды на самый дешевый отель в пять звезд для самых комфортабельных гостиниц.
8. Д. Мара Дона является всемирно известной звездой футбола
Galaxies
The Sun and all the stars we see in the night sky belong to a great group of stars that travel through space together. Such a group is called a galaxy. The star group to which our system belongs is called the Milky Way or just the Galaxy. There are about 100,000,000,000 stars in the Galaxy, or about 20 stars for each human being on planet Earth. The Galaxy is like a huge disc with a bulge in the middle. The Galaxy is about 100,000 light years in diameter. This means that it takes a beam of light 100,000 years to travel from one edge of the disc to the other.
The Milky Way is not the only Galaxy in space. In fact, there are thousands of millions. But most are too far from the Earth to be seen with the naked eye. On clear, dark nights a small number can be seen without a telescope. People can see the Andromeda galaxy, the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds,
Where will people go after they’ve explored their own solar system? Experts say that travel to other galaxies will only be possible in huge «starships». They will travel through space for hundreds or even thousands of years with many people on board.
Then, when a suitable planet is found, some of these people will stay there and begin a new life. Later, they’ll build new starships and go further to investigate the Universe.
Галактики
Солнце и все звезды, которые мы видим в ночном небе, принадлежат великой группе звезд, которые едут через пространство вместе. Такую группу называют галактикой. Звездную группу, которой принадлежит наша система, называют Млечным путем или просто Галактикой. Есть приблизительно 100,000,000,000 звезд в Галактике или приблизительно 20 звезд для каждого человека на планете Земле. Галактика походит на огромный диск с выпуклостью в середине. Галактика составляет приблизительно 100,000 световых годов в диаметре. Это означает, что пучку света требуются 100,000 лет, чтобы поехать из одного края диска к другому.
Млечный путь не единственная Галактика в космосе. Фактически, есть тысячи миллионов. Но большинство слишком далеко от Земли, которая будет замечена невооруженным глазом. Ясными, темными ночами небольшое число может быть замечено без телескопа. Люди видят галактику Андромеды, Большие и Маленькие Магеллановы Облака,
Куда люди пойдут после того, как они исследовали свою собственную солнечную систему? Эксперты говорят, что путешествие к другим галактикам только будет возможно в огромных «космических кораблях». Они будут путешествовать через пространство для сотен или даже тысячи лет со многими людьми на борту.
Затем когда подходящая планета будет найдена, некоторые из этих людей останутся там и начнут новую жизнь. Позже, они построят новые космические корабли и пойдут далее, чтобы исследовать Вселенную.
1. I was writing a letter at 2 o’clock yesterday.
2. What were you doing at Я o’clock last night?
3. Tim was making fun of his little brother when his mother came in.
4. It was raining all day long on Thursday,
5. They were working outside the spaceship when they noticed something strange, u. At 4 p.m. yesterday a small satellite was moving towards our space station.
7. The poet was looking at the sky when I touched his shoulder.
8. We were repairing the spacesuit when be came in.
9. What were you doing when you heard the scream?
1. Я писал письмо в 2 часа вчера.
2. Что вы делали в Я часов вечера?
3. Тим был высмеивать его младшего брата, когда его мать вошла
4. Шел дождь, на протяжении всего дня в четверг,
5. Они работают за пределами космического корабля, когда они заметили что-то странное, и. В 4 часа дня вчера небольшой спутник движется к нашей космической станции.
7. Поэт смотрел на небо, когда я дотронулась до его плеча.
8. Мы ремонта скафандров, когда можно вошел
9. Что вы делаете, когда вы услышали крик?
a) Guess if it is a frightening or a funny story
Who’s There?
I work in a space station, from my office, i can see the Earth twenty thousand miles away. It floats in space like a big green and blue ball,
I am the Station Supervisor. i like my job, but I sometimes get bored inside the space station.
One day i was in my office watching the men working outside. They were budding par t of the station. Suddenly i was called on the radio from the Satellite Control Office,
«There is something about two miles away and its hardly moving. Can you see what it is?»
I took out my binoculars and looked at the sky. A small satellite was coming towards us. It looked old.
I was told Lo go out and to bring it in.
I put away my papers and went to get my spacesuit. All the spaces nits were kept in large lockers. On my way to the lockers I met our cat, Tommy. Most animals don’t like to live in space, but Tommy was happy. All the men liked him.
I climbed into my spacesuit and soon I was in space. i saw the satellite and began to move towards it.
But at that moment something went wrong. I heard a noise. It was a strange noise.
Something was scraping on the metal of the spacesuit. I froze witb fear. There’s something outside. It was alive. And it was trying to gel into my spacesuit, I thought.
Bernie Summers! I thought. He died in space. His spacesuit broke open. After the accident, Bernie Summers’ spacesuit had been repaired.
Was his ghost trying to get back into my spacesuit? I had heard strange stories about ghosts in space. i grew more and more afraid.
i switched on the radio and shouted: «Help! I’m in trouble! Did this spacesuit belong to. «
I never finished the sentence. At that moment, I felt something. Something patted me softly on the hack of my neck. I screamed as loud as I could. I fainted and fell down.
Sometime later, I woke up. I was back in the space station. The doctors were round my bed. But they weren’t looking at me. They were looking at something more interesting.
b) Try to predict the end of the story: What were the doctors looking at? Who patted the spaceman on the back of his neck?
Now read the end of the story and find out if you were right.
The doctors were playing with three kittens.
Then i remembered the cat, Tommy. Tommy? A tom-cat? We had all made a mistake.
Our Tommy wasn’t a tom-cat. She was a mother! She had put her babies in the pocket of the spacesuit. One of the kittens had patted me on the neck with its soft little paw. I had been knocked out by a kitten!
— Who was the first astronaut?
— Who was the first person to invent the idea of space rockets?
— Who constructed the first spaceship?
— Who was the first man to take a walk in space?
— Who was the first man on the Moon?
— Who was the first woman in space?
— Кто был первым космонавтом?
— Кто был первым человеком, который был изобретателем идеи космических ракет?
— Кто построил первый космический корабль?
— Кто был первым человеком на прогулку в космосе?
— Кто был первым человеком на Луне?
— Кто был первой женщиной в космосе?
We use both the present perfect simple (have + done) and the present perfect continuous (have + been + doing) to talk about actions which started in the past and continue up to the moment of speaking.
More than 100 Russian spacemen have worked in space since the space era began.— Более 100 русских кос мо к а то в работали на орбите стек пор, как началась космическая эра.
It has been snowing since 12 o’clock,— Снег идет с 2 часов.
We use the present perfect continuous to talk about the continuing situation. The present perfect simple is used to say that something is completed.
Yve been listening to a new disk. I’m enjoying it.— Я прослушиваю новый диск. Я получаю от него удовольствие.
I’ve listened to your disk. It’s really good.—Я прослушал твой диск. Он действительно хорош.
We often use since and for with the present perfect simple and the present perfect continuous to indicate that the action has lasted for a period.
Since is used to mark the beginning of the period: The teacher has been asking us questions since 9 o’clock.— Учитель задает нам вопросы с 9 часон.
For is used to say how long something has been happening:
The teacher has been asking us questions for 3 hours.— Учителв задает нам вопросы в течение 3 часов.
Note: some verbs are not normally used in the continuous: believe, belong, consist, contain, depend, hate, know, like, love, mean, need, prefer, realise, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want.
Мы используем обоих настоящее совершенное (имейте + сделанный), и настоящее совершенное длительное (имеют + + выполнение) говорить о действиях, которые начались в прошлом и продолжаются до момента разговора.
Больше чем 100 русских космонавтов работали в космосе, так как космическая эра началась. — Более 100 русских кос мо к а то в работали на орбите стек пор, как началась космическая эра.
Шел снег с 12 часов — Снег идет с 2 часов.
Мы используем настоящее совершенное длительное, чтобы говорить о продолжающейся ситуации. Настоящее совершенное используется, чтобы сказать, что что-то закончено.
Yve, слушая новый диск. Я наслаждаюсь им. — Я прослушиваю новый диск. Я получаю от него удовольствие.
Я слушал Ваш диск. Это действительно хорошо. — Я прослушал твой диск. Он действительно хорош.
Мы часто используем с тех пор и для с настоящим совершенным и настоящим совершенным длительным, чтобы указать, что действие длилось в течение периода.
С тех пор используется, чтобы отметить начало периода: С 9 часов учитель задавал нам вопросы. — Учитель задает нам вопросы с 9 часон.
Для используется, чтобы сказать, сколько времени что-то происходило:
Учитель задавал нам вопросы в течение 3 часов. — Учителв задает нам вопросы в течение 3 часов.
Примечание: некоторые глаголы обычно не используются в длительном: верьте, принадлежите, состойте, содержите, зависьте, ненавидьте, знайте, как, любовь, сердитая, потребность, предпочтите, поймите, помните, кажитесь, предположите, поймите, хотите.
1. How did people first begin to dream about space travel? Tell any story or legend,
2. What Russian word in the text has become known internationally? Do you know any other Russian international words that are known internationally? What are they?
3. What are the achievements of Russia in space research?
4. What facts from the text have impressed you?
We do not know when men began to dream of travelling in space. The first story that we know about a space flight was written in the year 150. The author described how, during a great storm, a big wave raised a ship up to the Moon, and the men on the ship found themselves in a new world.
In the sixteenth century, Galileo made the first telescope and looked through it at the Moon and the planets. Now nobody could say for certain that the Earth was the only world, and many new space-travel stories appeared.
In 1865 Jules Verne’s famous novel «From the Earth to the Moon» was published. In his story he sends his heroes into space by means of a huge gun. Another space-travel story is «The First Men in the Moon» by H. G. Wells. Wells’ heroes have a wonderful substance that helps their spaceship to fly away to the moon.
But the dream of travelling into space became true only in the 20th century. It happened in November 1957. The first animal in space was Laika, a dog from Russia. Laika travelled around the Earth for 7 days in the satellite Sputnik 2. Then in 1961, all people on the Earth learned about the first man in space, Yuri Gagarin. He circled the Earth in Vostok spaceship. Since that time the 12th of April has been celebrated in Russia as Space Day.
Sputnik is one of the Russian words which became internationally known.
In more than 40 years since Yuri Gagarin’s flight Russian space science has come a long way Over 2,000 spaceships have been launched since the space era began.
Russia leads in many areas of space researches. The most important achievements include work on orbital stations. The longest expedition lasted more than 350 days. More than seventy Russian spacemen have worked in orbit, many of them more dian once. All of them say how beautiful our blue planet is, how small and fragile it is.
The Yungay Earthquake
«I was in school,» said Juan. «On the blackboard, in big white letters was the date — May 31st 1970. The letters started to dance in front of my eyes.» «Were you asleep?»
«No, I looked out of the window. There was a noise, like a big lorry in the street. But outside there were only a few empty cars.»
«What made the noise?»
«It was coming from the ground. The cars started to jump up and down. Then the classroom clock fell off the wall and the window broke.
I was afraid. I ran out of school and into the street. As I was running, the houses started to fall down. The ground was moving under my feet. I knew then. «
«Knew what?»
«I knew that it was an earthquake. I ran to the fields. I could hear bangs and screams behind me. I only turned round when I got to the second field.’
1 couldn’t believe my eyes. Nearly all buildings were on the ground. In front of me, the earth was moving up and down like a sea.»
«What did you do?»
«Nothing for a while. Then I heard another sound, like great guns. It came from die mountains. 1 looked up and the nearest mountain began to fly at me!
I ran away and swam across the river. On the other side, I started to run again, A great wind carried me along. Then earth and snow fell on top of me
«Snow?»
«Yes, mountain snow. The earthquake broke off a large piece of the mountain.».
«How many died?» asked Mark.
«50 000 died and another 100 000 people were hurt. Nearly a million lost their homes — that is one out of 13 people in Peru. I think it was the worst earthquake ever,»
Mark looked in his notebook again.
«There was an earthquake in China in 1556. It killed 830 000 people. In 1923, in Japan, 142 000 people died.»
1. to break — to separate something into
parts suddenly or violently a If you break something, it splits into pieces,
or stops working, h) The hoy has broken his chair.
c) She fell off the ladder and broke her leg.
d) My watch is broken. 1 should repair it as soon as possible.
2. to destroy — to damage something so much that it cannot be repaired; to ruin
a) The flood destroyed the little town.
b) During the hurricane nearly two hundred houses were destroyed,
c) We were shown a video about the destructive power о f torn ado es.
d) The earthquake led to great destruction.
3. to damage — to spoil or to break something so that it does not work properly or look like it did before.
a) The building was severely damaged by the
flood.
b) The drought did a lot of damage,
c) The hurricane did a lot of damage to bouses in the area.
d) You should know about the damage that smoking can do to your health.
1. сломаться — чтобы отделить что-то в
части внезапно или яростно, Если Вы ломаете что-то, это раскалывается на части,
или работа остановок, h) Хой сломала его стул.
c) Она уменьшилась лестница и сломала ее ногу.
d) Мои часы сломаны. 1 должен восстановить его как можно скорее.
2. разрушить — чтобы повредить что-то так, что это не может быть восстановлено; разрушить
a) Наводнение разрушило небольшой город.
b) Во время урагана почти двести зданий были разрушены,
c) Нам показали видео о разрушительной власти о f порванная суматоха es.
d) Землетрясение привело к большому разрушению.
3. чтобы повредить — чтобы испортить или сломаться, что-то так, чтобы это не работало должным образом или похоже на него, сделало прежде.
a) Здание было строго повреждено
наводнение.
b) Засуха нанесла большой ущерб,
c) Ураган нанес большой ущерб попоек в области.
d) Вы должны знать о повреждении, что курение может сделать к Вашему здоровью.
Tornadoes
Tornadoes are the most violent of all storms. Nobody can predict what they might do.
Tornadoes destroy houses, carry away cars and telephone boxes. Tornadoes consist of very strong winds. They can reach speeds of up to 320 kilometres an hour. That is why they arc so dangerous.
In Russia during one tornado, people saw money falling from die sky. At least a thousand coins fell from the clouds. The wind had removed the earth from some buried treasure and picked up the coins.
Tornadoes occur throughout the world, but mostly in the United States. The central states of the country have probably more tornadoes than any other place in the world.
Tornadoes occur in the spring. A hot day in the afternoon or in the early evening is the most likely time for this dangerous storm. Large clouds appear in the sky. They become darker and darker. There are sounds of thunder in the distance. Bright flashes of lightning are seen. A cloud then forms a funnel and begins to twist. It moves faster and faster. The raster the winds, the louder the noise. If the funnel touches the ground, it picks up ever у tiling it can. The violent winds of tornadoes blow down almost everything on their way.
Fortunately tornadoes can be predicted, and these people have a much better chance of protecting themselves.
Торнадо
Торнадо являются самыми сильными из всех штормов. Никто не может предсказать то, что они могли бы сделать.
Торнадо разрушают здания, уносят автомобили и телефонные будки. Торнадо состоят из очень сильных ветров. Они могут достигнуть скоростей до 320 километров в час. Именно поэтому они образуют дугу настолько опасные.
В России во время одного торнадо люди видели, что деньги падать от умирают небо. По крайней мере тысяча монет упала от облаков. Ветер удалил землю из некоторого похороненного сокровища и поднял монеты.
Торнадо происходят во всем мире, но главным образом в Соединенных Штатах. У центральных государств страны есть, вероятно, больше торнадо, чем какое-либо другое место в мире.
Торнадо происходят весной. Жаркий день днем или рано вечером является наиболее вероятным временем для этого опасного шторма. Большие облака появляются в небе. Они становятся более темными и более темными. Есть звуки грома на расстоянии. Замечены яркие вспышки молнии. Облако тогда образует трубу и начинает крутить. Это перемещается быстрее и быстрее. Растр ветры, громче шум. Если труба касается земли, она поднимает когда-либо у черепицу, она может. Сильные ветры торнадо вырывают с корнем почти все на своем пути.
К счастью, торнадо могут быть предсказаны, и у этих людей есть намного лучший шанс защиты себя.
Natural disasters, such as storms, floods, tornadoes, tropical storms and volcanic eruptions, can damage houses, destroy fields, kill animals and people.
In all these disasters, nature and people need help. Emergency workers are specially trained people who do their job during and after these types of disasters.
Emergency workers such as doctors, nurses, firemen, water and gas workers do their jobs in difficult situations. Sometimes the police and the army help too.
Six Robinsons and Their Guitar
Nobody lives on the little island of Ata, in the warm South Sea, where it is summer all year round. Everybody knows that ships don t stop at Ata, but once «The Mary jane» suddenly changed her course and went towards the island. Some people on the ship had noticed a number of small figures on a hill not far from the sea coast. They were shouting and jumping up and down. When the ship came nearer, the small figures ran down the hill and into the water to meet the ship. There were six of them, all boys. They swam to the ship, climbed up and were soon telling their strange story.
Fifteen montils before, they had gone out fishing. Their little boat had gone down during a terrible storm, and the sea had carried them a lot of kilometres to this little island.
The boys had arranged their life very well: each boy had his own duties. Their food was birds, birds’ eggs, fruit, fish, whatever they couid find on the ground, in the air and in the water. The Robinson Crusoes had even made a kind of guitar: they danced and sang songs that they had
made up themselves. They explained that they bad enjoyed their fine life on the island, but they were glad to be saved, and were happy to return home to their own country.
1. Kingdom of Birds
Re fore the first human beings arrived, New Zealand was inhabited by birds. There were over 160 different species. With few natural enemies, most of these birds lost their ability to fly. Some were very tall and ate leaves off the trees, while others graced like sheep.
Today only a few of New Zealand’s birds survive. One is the kiwi, which is about the size of a duck. The kiwi is the national bird and emblem. New Zealand ers often call themselves «Kiwis». English spoken in New Zealand is often called Kiwi English,
Most of New Zealand’s unique birds and many of its native seals and fish have become extinct in the last five hundred years.
2, Hot and Dangerous
For a continent 4,000 km across and 3,750 km from north to south, Australia has an amazing set of natural environments and wildlife. There are 530 native species of bird, 230 types of mammal, 300 species of lizard, 140 types of snake and two types of crocodile. Not all these animals are harmless. There are several species of poisonous spider and many poisonous snakes. Sharks, poisonous fish and salt water crocodiles are dangerous companions to swimmers.
3. The Routine, Waters
America’s climate and geography are amazingly varied. There are high mountains and fields, deserts and cool and foggy coastline, tropical heat and Arctic cold in it.
The Niagara | ПсИ’ждэгэ] Falls is one of the most amazing American sights. It is situated between New York and Chicago. Niagara is an Indian word which means «the roaring waters», A mass of water falls over a cliff 27 metres high with a terrible noise. The roar of the falling water can be heard from a distance of 25 kilometres. The Niagara Falls is beautiful and changing all the time. It attracts a greater number of people than any other place on the continent.
4. The Peak District
The two great cities of Manchester and Sheffield lie just 50 kilometers apart Between them is one of the most unspoiled areas in England, This area is known as the Peak District.
The Peak District is a national park, which means that it is protected from industrial and urban development.
The area attracts many visitors from both cities. It also includes wild land, where there are more sheep than people. Indeed, sheep farming is an important part of the local economy,
Another interesting thing of this area is a large lake which gives water for the city of Sheffield. Some houses in this area are built from local stone, some from the red brick The Peak District has many pretty villages and small towns.
5. Where the North Begins
Here you find summer «white nights» when the sun never sets and polar nights when it never rises. Many romantic ideas are connected with ibis place: a land of natural beauty, of hard winters, and of real Russian people — strong, honest, and hardworking. They say the north begins with Vologda. In fact it stretches to the Urals in the east, up to the White Sea, and across to Finland in the northwest of Russia. This area is rich in beautiful forests and lakes, wooden churches and monasteries, which grew into cultural centres. The population keeps old traditions, fairy tales, folk songs and customs which have already disappeared from
much of Russia, For today’s traveller who wants to get close to traditional Russian life and architecture and to understand how people lived in the past, this is the only place to go.
Знаешь ли ты сною планету? Говорит, что она еще молода. Из космоса она кажется бсло-голубой, потону что на три четверти покрыта океанами. Ты бы хотел(а) побывать на Луне? Это наша ближайшая соседка, Я увере-н(а), что люди будут Летать туда на космическом корабле отдохнуть на выходные. Представьте себе пятизвездочный отель на Луне для победителей нашего конкурса!
Do you know snoyu planet? She says that she is still young. From space, it seems bslo blue, drowned that three-quarters is covered by oceans. Would you like to (a) going to the moon? This is our closest neighbor, I’m sure Mr. (a) that people will fly there on a spaceship to relax for the weekend. Imagine a five-star hotel on the moon for the winners of our contest!
1. Землетрясение — это всегда ужасная трагедия: гибнут сотни или тысячи людей. Кроме того, он« причиняет много разрушений.
2. «Что ты трясешься от смеха?» — «Лучше смеяться, чем плакать».
3. «Пожмите друг другу руки. Надеюсь, что теперь вы станете друзьями. Правда, Джек?» — «Конечно. Я мухи не обижу».
4. «Перед каждым экзаменом я дрожу как лист»,— «Не стоит относиться к этому так серьезно. В жизни еще будет много экзаменов».
