«It’s interesting to know» Тексты для поваров и технологов продукции общественного питания со специализированной лексикой.
Урок 1
IT IS INTERESTING TO KNOW
What Is sold where
Until a few years ago the English used to shop at their local greengrocers, butcher’s, baker’s and so on. Now these small shops have all but capitulated as their customers pile into their cars and get everything they need at huge out-of-town-centre hangars filled with all their hearts desire.
The only shops to have survived the march of the supermarkets in any number are the corner shops, known in some quarters as Patelleries since so many of them are run by Ugandan Asian immigrant families. These corner shops supermarkets in miniature and sell anything from sweets to sweat bands, from napkins to newspapers. Many of them are also open all day and half the night. The English say that there only one golden rule. You can get anything you need in very small or very big shops and nothing in medium-sized ones.
Reading Food Labels.
O ver the past 40 years, the range of foods available in packets, jars and cans has increased dramatically. Legislative bodies recognized that consumers required more information in order to make the best choices for health, which resulted in improved product labels. Food manufacturers in the European Community and North America are required by law to provide the following information on product labels: total weight or volume, a list of the ingredients and of the additives in order of weight. T he name and address of the manufacturers and the country of origin.
Shopping in Britain
1. You are welcome to the stores and shops, but the managers ask you to abide by the normal British rules and regulations.
2. Shopping is not necessarily the same as in your native country and your home town if you have any doubt, ask the sales staff to assist you.
3. W here baskets are provided. please, use them, do not put any item in your bag or pocket until you have paid for it.
4. Do not mishandle any of the goods on display, do not handle perishable goods(fruit, etc.) or fragile items, unless you have permission to do so.
5. No alcoholic drink may be bought anywhere by persons under the age of 18.
6. always keep the receipt that you receive
7. Do not congregate in groups in such a way that you restrict the free passage of other shoppers,or interfere in any way with the sales staff.
A Bicycle or a Cow?
A salesman at the village store was trying to persuade ¹ a farmer to buy a bicycle.
“ I’d rather spend my money on a cow, ” the farmer said.
“ But think ” insisted the salesman. “ What a fool you’d look riding about on a cow. ”
Excuse me, please, I’m looking for tea.
Aisle number three!
Carrots, apples and tangerines:
A loaf of bread and a chocolate cake:
Some peanut butter and cherry jam.
Ready to check out?
PROVERBS AND SAYINGS TO MEMORIZE
1. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.
2. To buy a pig in a poke.
3. Take care of the pence and the pounds will take care of themselves.
4. A penny saved is a penny earned.
5. Hope is the poor man’s bread.
1. It is a vegetable that grows under the ground. It can be boiled, baked or fried. It can also be made into chips or crisps.
2. It is the meat from a bull or a cow.
3. It is a vegetable. we eat the dark red part that grows under the ground.
4. It is a shopkeeper who sells fruit and vegetables
5. It is a large shop which sells all kinds of food and things for the house.
6. It is a plant which has seeds called grains
7. It is a vegetable. It looks like a large ball of leaves. The leaves can be green, white or purple.
IT IS INTERESTING TO KNOW
Do You Need Three Meals a Day?
How many meals you have each day depends on your activity level and personal preference. Some people feel and work best on four or five small meals.
People think that chewing gum is a modern American invention. But it isn’t quite true. For thousand of years people have chewed³ gum ⁴ resins ⁵ made from a juice collected from trees.
Chewing gum was brought to Europe by American soldiers. They were given chewing gum each day because it kept people from getting thirsty.
The soldiers gave gum to the people they met and soon it became very popular everywhere.
W hen Having Meals at a Restaurant
1. Choosing a meal can be a problem sometimes because dishes are called unknown foreign names. Do not guess, ask the waiter to help you.
3. When eating, take as much as you want, but eat as much as you take.
4. Do not eat too fast or too slowly, cut as you eat.
5. There is about eating everything on your plate, to indi- cate that you have had enough place knife and fork together, not criss-cross.
6. Do not leave the spoon in your cup when drinking tea or coffee.
8. Normally a meal in a restaurant takes time. Usually you tell the waiter what you want for the first two courses: he will take your order for dessert and coffee later.
9. when paying the bill, it is customary to tip waiters, however in most restaurants a service charge is nowadays added to avoid individual tipping. But if the waiter has been very helpful, some people like to give a small tip.
FROM THE HISTORY OF WORDS
They were sold at baseball games. The sellers put the hot sausages on buns and shouted: «Get your hot dachshund sausages!»
Husband ( angrily): what! No supper ready? I’m going out to a restaurant!
Wife: wait just five minutes!
Husband: will it be ready then?
Wife: No, but then I’ll be ready to go with you.
W hile serving the soup the waiter looked out of the window and remarked: «It looks like rain, sir.» The man tasted the soup and said: «It tasted like rain too.»
A farmer comes to a town for the first time He stops at a hotel and asks the clerk about hours for meals.
“ O, my goodness ”, cried the farmer. “ You eat here the whole day don’t you? But I want to see the town. I don’t want to stay at your hotel. I want to go to another one. ”
A DIALOGUE TO ENJOY
what would You Like to Eat?
waiter: Hello, please have a seat.
W hat would you like to eat?
Jean: I think I’ll have a steak
And then for dessert some cake.
waiter: W ould you like it on a bun?
Medium? Rare? Perhaps well-done?
W ith some string beans or some peas?
Potatoes? Some salad? Some cheese?
Jean: I’d like my steak well-done
Served on a toasted bun.
I’d like some ketchup too.
Waiter: I’ll fix it just right for you.
Vean: with a baked potato, please.
Lots of string beans, lots of cheese.
And a salad would be nice,
And bring me some water with ice.
PROVERBS AND SAYINGS TO MEMORIZE
1. Eat at pleasure, drink with measure
2. It makes one’s mouth water
3. One man’s meat is another man’s poison.
4. Appetite comes with eating.
5. A hungry man is an angry man
1. It is something you can from It is made of glass and does drink not have a handle.
2. It is the liquid that comes from fruit when you squeeze it.
3. It is a very cold sweet-tasting creamy food.
5. It is something you can drink from It is made of china or clay and has a handle.
7. It is food that is just ough for one person.
Digestion [d ɪ ʹ d ʒ est ʃ ən]- пищеварение
gum [g ʌ m]-каучуковый
resins [’rez ɪ n]-смола
chicles [’t ʃ i kəl ]- натуральный каучук
IT IS INTERESTING TO KNOW
Little compares to the p ungent ¹ aroma and honey-like taste of saf- fron. And it is very expensive. Just i g retails ² at about £2(£2 million per ton), making it more expensive than silver.
Why is Saffron So Expensive?
USEFUL ADVICE CABLE MANNERS
English dinners are not so different from those anywhere else but there are a few things worth mentioning.
The English often warm the plates. Be careful not to burn yourself when you touch them.
W hen leaving the table, you don’t use the words»thank you» but you thank your hostess for food by saying, for instance: «I did enjoy that ” or»That was delicious. I really enjoyed it ”.
They say that English people can’t make good coffee. There is a story about the man who was having breakfast in an English hotel.
He took a drink from his cup and then said the waiter»Waiter, is this tea or coffee?» to
The waiter said. Can’t you tell the difference, sir, by the taste?
«No,» the man said, «I can’t.»
«Well,» answered the waiter, if you can’t tell the difference, what does it matter which it is?»
W hat was the Frenchman to do?
So he took a piece of paper and a pencil and drew a picture of a mushroom. The waiter looked at it and ran out of the room. A few minutes later the waiter returned with an umbrella, for this was how he had understood the picture.
The manager of a very fashionable restaurant was much pained when a guest tied his napkin round his neck. So he called a boy waiter to make the gentleman understand, as tactfully as he could, that such things were not done.
The boy approached the guest and asked seriously: «Shave or haircut, sir?»
You Are Drinking My Strawberry Shake
“ You can sing this dialogue on the melody of the English song»My Bonny is over the ocean ”
Jack: Excuse me, I’m sorry to tell you,
But you took my drink by mistake.
Excuse me, I’m sorry to tell you,
You drinking my strawberry shake.
Mag: Don’t get upset. Don’t raise your voice.
Jack: Please, don’t raise your voice to me.
Mag: And what makes you think it’s your milk shake?
I think you must be colour-blind.
And what makes you think it’s your milk shake?
I are out of your mind. think you
Jack: Let’s let the manager say who’ s right.
Mag: Let’s have him settle the fight.
PROVERBS AND SAYINGS TO MEMORIZE
1. Hope is a good breakfast but a bad supper.
2. Better an egg today than a hen tomorrow.
3. As slippery as an eel.
1. Two slices of bread with food between them.
2. It is a drink. It is made by pouring boiling water onto the dried leaves of a plant with the same name.
3. It is a small plant. It has a short thick stem with a round top. It looks like a tiny umbrella.
4. It is a sea creature that has a hard shell, two large claws and eight legs.
5. It is a food that is made by cooking fruit with a lot of sugar.
6. It is a food made from milk. It can be hard or soft. Some sorts of it have a strong flavour.
7. when it, food in your mouth. chew it and you do you put swallow it.
IT IS INTERESTING TO KNOW
The tomato was brought to Europe from Mexico in the 16th century. The Italian botanist Mattioli called it pomo d’oro or golden apple, because of the colour the tomato has during its ripening. So Italians call the fruit pomodoro(the plural is pomodori), the French, English, Spanish and German continue to use the name the Indians of Mexico gave it: tomato or tomate.
Mother : Yesterday I left two pieces of cake in the cupboad. Now there is only one piece left. Can you explain it?
Pete: well, I think, it was so dark that didn’t notice the other.
Nick invited his new friend Tommy to dinner at his house. Tom’s mother was very anxious about her little son’s table manners.
«Tommy, don’t eat off the knife. And if your food is too hot, don’t blow on it. And don’t talk with you mouth full,» she told him.
W hen Tommy returned, he said: «I remembered what you told me, Mum, and I did only one thing wrong.»
W hat did you do, Tommy?»
«Oh, when I wanted to cut my meat, it fell off the plate on the floor.
«Oh, my dear, what did you do then?»
«I said, that’s always the way with tough meat, and picked it up from the floor»
A POEM TO MEMORIZE
There Are Days When Everything Goes W rong
The bread was stale
It was three days old
The coffee was cold
The butter was rancid
The steak was tough,
The service was dreadful
The waiter was rough
I’m sorry I went to that place at all.
I. A tree is known by its fruit.
2. Every cook praises his own broth.
3. Too many cooks spoil the broth.
4. To eat the calf in the cow’s belly
5. To cook a hare before catching him
1. It is the first meal of the day.
2. It is yellow fat which is made from cream. You can spread it on bread.
3. An oval object laid by female birds. has a hard shell and contains a baby bird.
5. It is a sweet sticky liquid that is made by bees.
IT IS INTERESTING TO KNOW
Company’s coming, what shall I serve?
An entrée, dessert and perhaps an hors d’oeuvre.
will it be perfect? How will it taste?
If nobody eats, it will all go to waste.
I always get scared when I cook for a guest.
It’s almost as bad as taking a test.
Can I be sure it will all work out fine?
Will they all say that my cooking’s divine?
First of all I will make up a list.
So that nothing’s forgotten and nothing is missed.
I’ll plan the whole menu and do things ahead.
I’ll make it look easy, not something to dread.
There was an old Man of Berlin
W hose form was uncommonly thin.
Till he once by mistake
W as mixed up in a cake.
So they baked that old Man of Berlin.
There was an old Man of Columbia
Who was thirsty and called out for some beer
But they brought it quite hot
In a small copper pot
W hich disgusted that Man of Columbia
There was an old Man of the East
W ho gave all his children a feast.
But they all ate so much
And their conduct was such
That it killed that old Man of the East
PROVERBS AND SAYINGS T O MEMORIZE
2. Neither fish nor flesh.
3.To fall off the frying pan into the fire
4. You cannot eat your cake and have it.
5. A watched pot never boils.
I. It is meat from a pig. The meat is salted and sometimes smoked.
2.The thick part of the milk that you can whip to put on cakes.
4. It is a kind of food which is used to sweeten other food and drinks.
5. It is sliced bread made brown and crisp by heating.
6. It is a finely cut meat mixture put into a skin.
7. It is a floury mixture that can be cooked to make pastry or bread.
Removing Inedible Items from Your Mouth
1. Olive pits : drop delicately into your palm before putting them onto your plate.
2. Chicken bone: use your fork to return it to the plate.
3. Fish bones: remove with your fingers.
Foods You Can Get by Hand
2. Bacon: if there’s fat on it, with a knife and fork : if it is crisp, crumble it with a fork and eat with your fingers.
3. Finger meals: follow the cue of your host: if finger meals are offered on a platter, place them on your plate before putting them into your mouth.
4. Foods meant to be eaten by hand: corn on the cob, spareribs, lobster, clams and oysters on the half shell, chicken wings and bones(in informal situations), sandwiches, certain fruits, olives, dry cakes and cookies.
Diner: waiter. I want chicken and the younger the better.
W aiter: In that case, sir, order eggs.
Two Americans were travelling in Spain. One morning they entered a little restaurant for lunch. They did not know Spanish, however, and the waiter did not know English. So they tried to make him understand that they wanted some milk and sandwiches.
At first they pronounced the word»milk» many times. Then they spelled it. But the waiter still could not understand.
At last one of them took a piece of paper and began to draw a cow. He was just finishing his drawing. when the waiter looked at it and ran out of the restaurant.
«You see,» said the traveller who had drawn the cow. what a pencil can do for a man who has difficulties in a foreign country.»
After some time the waiter was back, but he brought no milk. He put down in front of the two men two tickets for a bullfight!
PROVERBS AND SAYINGS To MEMOR IZ E
1. After dinner sit/sleep a while, after supper walk a mile.
2. old friends and old wines are best.
3. To be born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth.
4. Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.
5. He who would catch fish must not mind getting wet.
There was a young man of Calcutta
who spoke with a terrible stutter.
He said, «If you please,
Will you pass me the cheese
And the b-b-b-b-b-butter
There was a young lady of
Niger who smiled as she rode a tiger.
They returned from the ride
With the lady inside,
And a smile on the face of the tiger.
There was an old man of Khartoum
W ho kept two black sheep in his room
«They remind me,» he said,
«Of two friends who are dead,»
But he never would tell us of whom.
1. It is a kind of sweet that you chew but do not swallow.
2. It is a small fruit with a thin dark red or yellow skin. It has a large stone it the middle.
3. when you do it, you put something into a liquid and leave it there.
4. It is a food made with flour and baked in an oven.
5. when people do it, they cook food in a pan with hot fat or oil.
6. when you do it, you mix a liquid inside a container with some- thing like a spoon.