The First Mining School in Russia
The Moscow Mining Academy was established 1 in 1918. The main task of the Academy was to train mining engineers and techni- » cians, to popularize technological achievements among miners, to work on important problems of mining and metallurgical engineering arid to direct scientific research.
There were three departments in the Academy 2 : mining, geological prospecting and metallurgy. The Moscow Mining Academy introduced a new course in coal mining mechanization which provided the basis for the development of mining engineering. The two scientists A.M. Terpigorev and M.M. Protodyakonov wrote the first textbook on machinery for mining bedded deposits.
Much credit for the establishment of the Moscow Mining Academy and the development of co-operation among outstanding scientists and educators is due to 3 Academician I.M. Gubkin, a prominent geologist and oil expert.
In 1925 the Moscow Mining Academy was one of the best-known educational institutions in Russia.It had well-equipped laboratories, demonstration rooms and a library which had many volumes of Russian and foreign scientific books and journals.
The Academy established close contacts with the coal and ore mining industries. The scientists carried out scientific research and worked on important mining problems.
The rapid growth of the mining industry called for the training of more highly-qualified specialists and the establishment of new educational institutions.
New collieries and open-cast mines, concentration plants, metallurgical works and metal-working factories for processing non-ferrous and ferrous metals appeared in the country. The people took an active part in the construction of new industrial enterprises.
The Academy alone could not cope with the problem of training specialists. In 1930 the Moscow Mining Academy was transformed 4 into six independent institutes. Among the new colleges which grew >out of the Academy’s departments were the Moscow Mining Institute and the Moscow Institute of Geological Pro-specting. Later, the scientific research Institute of Mining appeared near Moscow.
1 was established— была основана (пассивный залог; вводится дальше).
Ср. ниже established close contacts— установила тесные контакты
2 There were three departments in the Academy— В Академии было три
факультета.
Конструкция «there+ глагол to be»(в настоящем, прошедшем или будущем времени) употребляется, когда нужно сообщить о наличии, существовании в данном месте предмета (предметов) или лица (лиц). Обратите внимание на то, что перевод предложений с таким оборотом лучше начинать с обстоятельства места (В Академии. ). Подробнее см. Unit 4.
3 Much credit . is dne— Большая заслуга. принадлежит
4 was transformed— была преобразована (Ср. пояснение 1.)
7. Укажите, какие предложения соответствуют содержанию текста.
Подтвердите свои ответы фактами из текста.
1. There were four departments in the Academy.
2. The Academy introduced a new course in coal mining niechan-
ization.
3. In 1925 the Academy had only several well-equippea laborat
ories, demonstration rooms and a library which had many vol
umes of books.
4. The Academy established close contacts with the coal industry.
5. In 1930 the Academy was transformed into six independent in
stitutes.
6. The Moscow Mining Institute and the Moscow Institute of Ge
ological Prospecting were among the new colleges which grew
out of the Academy’s departments.
8. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. What was the main task of the Academy?
2. What new course did the Academy introduce?
3. Were there three or four departments at the Academy?
4. What industries did the Academy establish contacts with?
5. Who wrote the first textbook on machinery’ for mining bedded
deposits?
6. Why was the Academy transformed into six independent insti
tutes?
7. Why was the Academy transformed?
\ 9. Подберите к глаголам из списка А соответствующие существительныеиз списка Б. Переведите словосочетания.
| 1. to carry out a) new courses
I 2. to direct 6) laboratories
3. to prospect for в) experiments
4. to introduce r) research
5. to equip д) contacts
| 6. to establish e) new deposits
10. а) Найдите в правой колонке русские эквиваленты следующих
сочетаний слов.
1. mining equipment а) обогатительная
2. to carry out фабрика
research б) подготовка горных
3. new course in инженеров
4. to direct scientific в) разведка нефти
— activity г) обработка цветных
5. to take an active part in металлов
6. prospecting for oil д) техническое
7. bedded deposit образование
8. concentration plant e) новый (учебный) курс по
9. technical education ж) принимать активное
10. processing of поп- участие
ferrous metals , з) проводить исследования
11. the training of и) направлять научную
geologist and mining деятельность
engineers к) горное оборудование
12. concentration plant л) пластовые
б) Найдите в левой колонке английские эквиваленты русских сочетаний слов.
11. Найдите в каждом ряду слова или сочетания слов, имеющие
наиболее общее значение.
engineer, chemist, geologist, specialist, economist coal, mineral resources, oil, iron, gas, ferrous metals oil industry, gas industry, extractive industry the sun, atom, gas, energy source, coal, oil
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The First Mining School in Russia
The Moscow Mining Academy was established 1 in 1918. The main task of the Academy was to train mining engineers and techni- » cians, to popularize technological achievements among miners, to work on important problems of mining and metallurgical engineering arid to direct scientific research.
There were three departments in the Academy 2 : mining, geological prospecting and metallurgy. The Moscow Mining Academy introduced a new course in coal mining mechanization which provided the basis for the development of mining engineering. The two scientists A.M. Terpigorev and M.M. Protodyakonov wrote the first textbook on machinery for mining bedded deposits.
Much credit for the establishment of the Moscow Mining Academy and the development of co-operation among outstanding scientists and educators is due to 3 Academician I.M. Gubkin, a prominent geologist and oil expert.
In 1925 the Moscow Mining Academy was one of the best-known educational institutions in Russia.It had well-equipped laboratories, demonstration rooms and a library which had many volumes of Russian and foreign scientific books and journals.
The Academy established close contacts with the coal and ore mining industries. The scientists carried out scientific research and worked on important mining problems.
The rapid growth of the mining industry called for the training of more highly-qualified specialists and the establishment of new educational institutions.
New collieries and open-cast mines, concentration plants, metallurgical works and metal-working factories for processing non-ferrous and ferrous metals appeared in the country. The people took an active part in the construction of new industrial enterprises.
The Academy alone could not cope with the problem of training specialists. In 1930 the Moscow Mining Academy was transformed 4 into six independent institutes. Among the new colleges which grew >out of the Academy’s departments were the Moscow Mining Institute and the Moscow Institute of Geological Pro-specting. Later, the scientific research Institute of Mining appeared near Moscow.
1 was established— была основана (пассивный залог; вводится дальше).
Ср. ниже established close contacts— установила тесные контакты
2 There were three departments in the Academy— В Академии было три
факультета.
Конструкция «there+ глагол to be»(в настоящем, прошедшем или будущем времени) употребляется, когда нужно сообщить о наличии, существовании в данном месте предмета (предметов) или лица (лиц). Обратите внимание на то, что перевод предложений с таким оборотом лучше начинать с обстоятельства места (В Академии. ). Подробнее см. Unit 4.
3 Much credit . is dne— Большая заслуга. принадлежит
4 was transformed— была преобразована (Ср. пояснение 1.)
7. Укажите, какие предложения соответствуют содержанию текста.
Подтвердите свои ответы фактами из текста.
1. There were four departments in the Academy.
2. The Academy introduced a new course in coal mining niechan-
ization.
3. In 1925 the Academy had only several well-equippea laborat
ories, demonstration rooms and a library which had many vol
umes of books.
4. The Academy established close contacts with the coal industry.
5. In 1930 the Academy was transformed into six independent in
stitutes.
6. The Moscow Mining Institute and the Moscow Institute of Ge
ological Prospecting were among the new colleges which grew
out of the Academy’s departments.
8. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:
1. What was the main task of the Academy?
2. What new course did the Academy introduce?
3. Were there three or four departments at the Academy?
4. What industries did the Academy establish contacts with?
5. Who wrote the first textbook on machinery’ for mining bedded
deposits?
6. Why was the Academy transformed into six independent insti
tutes?
7. Why was the Academy transformed?
\ 9. Подберите к глаголам из списка А соответствующие существительныеиз списка Б. Переведите словосочетания.
| 1. to carry out a) new courses
I 2. to direct 6) laboratories
3. to prospect for в) experiments
4. to introduce r) research
5. to equip д) contacts
| 6. to establish e) new deposits
10. а) Найдите в правой колонке русские эквиваленты следующих
сочетаний слов.
1. mining equipment а) обогатительная
2. to carry out фабрика
research б) подготовка горных
3. new course in инженеров
4. to direct scientific в) разведка нефти
— activity г) обработка цветных
5. to take an active part in металлов
6. prospecting for oil д) техническое
7. bedded deposit образование
8. concentration plant e) новый (учебный) курс по
9. technical education ж) принимать активное
10. processing of поп- участие
ferrous metals , з) проводить исследования
11. the training of и) направлять научную
geologist and mining деятельность
engineers к) горное оборудование
12. concentration plant л) пластовые
б) Найдите в левой колонке английские эквиваленты русских сочетаний слов.
11. Найдите в каждом ряду слова или сочетания слов, имеющие
наиболее общее значение.
engineer, chemist, geologist, specialist, economist coal, mineral resources, oil, iron, gas, ferrous metals oil industry, gas industry, extractive industry the sun, atom, gas, energy source, coal, oil
Общие условия выбора системы дренажа: Система дренажа выбирается в зависимости от характера защищаемого.
Опора деревянной одностоечной и способы укрепление угловых опор: Опоры ВЛ — конструкции, предназначенные для поддерживания проводов на необходимой высоте над землей, водой.
Папиллярные узоры пальцев рук — маркер спортивных способностей: дерматоглифические признаки формируются на 3-5 месяце беременности, не изменяются в течение жизни.
The First Mining School in Russia
The Moscow Mining Academy was established in 1918. The main task of the Academy was to train mining engineers and technicians, to popularize technological achievements among miners, to work on important problems of mining and metallurgical engineering and to direct scientific research. There were three departments in the Academy: mining, geological prospecting and metallurgy. The Moscow Mining Academy introduced a new course in coal mining mechanization, which provided the basis for the development of mining engineering. ThetwoscientistsA.M. Terpigorev and M.M. Protodyakonov wrote the first textbook on machinery for mining bedded deposits.
In 1925 the Moscow Mining Academy was one of the best-known educational institutions in Russia. It had well-equipped laboratories, demonstration rooms and a library which had many volumes of Russian and foreign scientific books and journals. The Academy established close contacts with the coal mining industries. The scientists carried out scientific research and worked on important mining problems.
In 1930 the Moscow Mining Academy was transformed into six independent institutes. Among the new colleges which grew out of the Academy’s departments were the Moscow Mining Institute and the Moscow Institute of Geological Prospecting. Later, the scientific research Institute of Mining appeared near Moscow.
7) Ответьте на вопросы по тексту:
1. What was the main task of the Moscow Mining Academy?
2. How many departments were there in the Academy?
3. What did the scientists do?
4. Was the Moscow Mining Academy transformed into twelve independent institutes?
Вариант 2
1) Напишите следующие существительные во множественном числе и переведите:
1. a roof, 2. a branch, 3. a woman, 4. a tooth, 5. a century, 6. an island, 7. a device, 8. an engine, 9. a stage, 10. a source.
2) Определите функцию глаголов “tobe”, “tohave” в следующих предложениях. Предложенияпереведите:
1. M. Lomonosov was the first who discovered the vegetation origin of coal.
2. While at the college he had a lot of friends. 3. He has to redo the task.
4. Jane didn’t go to see the film last night because she had seen it before.
5. We are translating an interesting text at the moment.
6. We are to pass three exams this winter session.
7. Sediments are formed by action of glaciers.
8. Many research centres were established by V.I. Vernadsky.
3) Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык:
1. There are many subjects at our University.
2.There will be new collieries and open-cast mines in different parts of our country.
3. There were only a few higher educational establishments which trained geologists and mining engineers.
4. There are many lecture-rooms, laboratories and a large library in our Institute.
5. There is a wide range of courses and programs at higher mining schools.
6. There was nobody in the laboratory.
4) Подчеркните местоимения и укажите их типы. Переведите предложения на русский язык:
1. She likes her study.
2. I see a car. Its’ colour is black.
3. My father works as a mining engineer.
4. He meets me every day.
5. Why did you enter a higher mining school?
6. For many years he headed the Russian Geological Committee the staff of which was made up of his pupils.
5) Составьте к каждому из следующих предложений вопросы (общий, альтернативный (or) и разделительный). Повествовательные предложения переведите на русский язык:
2. They will become mine surveyors in 5 years.
3. The Moscow Mining Academy trains geologists, mining engineers and mine surveyors.
4. Russian higher educational establishments offer different specializations for students.
6) Переведите текст на русский язык со словарем: